The .40 S&W cartridge has earned a reputation as a versatile and powerful round since its introduction in the 1990s. Its moderate recoil impulse and excellent terminal ballistics make it a great choice for defensive applications. At the same time, its relatively high-pressure levels allow it to meet power factor requirements in many shooting sports. 

 

Though the 9mm Luger has made a resurgence in recent years, the .40 S&W still offers unique advantages that continue to make it popular with military, law enforcement, and civilian shooters alike. This article explores some of the best .40 S&W caliber pistols available today based on rigorous hands-on testing and evaluation.

How We Tested the Best .40 S&W Cal Pistols

 

We chose the pistols in this article based on our team's real-world experience with guns. Some team members served in the military. Others competed as shooters or worked in gun shops. We combined our hands-on know-how with lots of research from trustworthy firearms sources.

 

• Features: Innovative or practical features that enhance functionality.

• Ergonomics: Comfort and shootability when handling the pistol.  

• Reliability & Accuracy: Consistent functioning without malfunctions paired with precision on target.

• Availability: Ease of finding the pistol from reputable vendors.  

• Value: Quality and performance weighed against MSRP cost.

 

We leaned on our insider gun expertise and lab test stats from experts. We also checked owner reviews and compared manufacturer product details. This in-depth approach helps us spotlight the most reliable, accurate .40 S&Wcal pistols that give you the most bang for your buck.

 

Benefits of .40 S&W

 

The .40 S&W cartridge strikes an effective balance between the 9mm Luger and .45 ACP. It produces snappier recoil than 9mm but offers higher magazine capacities than .45 ACP pistols of comparable size. The .40 caliber projectile also penetrates barriers well and creates a wider wound channel than smaller calibers.

 

During previous ammunition shortages, .40 S&W ammo remained available even when popular calibers like 9mm were scarce and expensive. This makes .40 S&W firearms appealing as part of a well-rounded collection.

 

A major factor that contributed to the .40 S&W’s rapid adoption in law enforcement circles was its ability to effectively penetrate automotive glass and steel. In ballistic gel testing by ammunition manufacturers, properly designed .40 cal JHP loads demonstrate 12-16 inches of penetration with expanded diameters between .70 to .80 inches across.

 

This combination of depth and expanded width creates a larger permanent wound cavity compared to other popular defensive rounds. As a result, the .40 S&W quickly built a reputation as an effective man-stopper. The terminal ballistics enable reasonable penetration from shorter barreled carry guns as well.

 

The .40 S&W operates at 35,000 psi, which allows it to meet major power factor classifications in many shooting sports. This permits .40 S&W firearms to be used competitively against larger calibers like .45 ACP. Since .40 S&W magazines hold higher round counts, stages requiring more shots play to the strengths of the platform.

 

With the versatility to serve defensive shooters, law enforcement operators, and competitive enthusiasts alike, the .40 S&W occupies a flexible middle ground. It effectively balances stopping power, barrier penetration, magazine capacity, recoil, and cost considerations.

Best .40 S&W Pistols 

1. HK USP .40 S&W– Editor’s Pick

The HK USP pistol was developed in the early 1990s as Heckler & Koch’s entry into the U.S. military’s Offensive Handgun Weapon System program. This ambitious initiative aimed to replace the venerable M1911 service pistol with a more modern, reliable, and accurate sidearm. Out of the prototypes submitted, HK’s USP design was selected as the program’s winner based on its innovative features and exceptional performance.

 

When the .40 S&W cartridge was introduced shortly thereafter, HK quickly adapted the USP design to accommodate the new round. They integrated a more robust slide and frame specifically engineered to withstand the higher pressures generated by the .40 S&W loading. The USP maintained the smooth shooting characteristics and reliability standards that the platform was known for, even when chambered for this more powerful caliber.

 

A key component of the USP design is its advanced mechanical recoil reduction system. This system uses a combination of a dual recoil spring setup matched with a polymer buffer to significantly mitigate felt recoil. By efficiently dissipating recoil energy, the USP allows for faster follow-up shots and greatly reduces shooter fatigue during prolonged range sessions. This innovation makes the USP an especially soft-shooting pistol for the .40 S&W chambering.

 

With exceptional ergonomics, ambidextrous controls, and extreme durability built to last decades under harsh conditions, the HK USP in .40 S&W represents the pinnacle of handgun engineering. It set the standard that other tactical pistols continue to aspire to, cementing its reputation as an iconic military sidearm.

 

Key Features:

 

• Patented recoil reduction system

• Convertible between 9 trigger modes  

• Corrosion-resistant finish

 

Pros:

 

• Extremely durable and reliable

• Softer shooting experience reduces fatigue

 

Cons:

 

• Proprietary accessory rail limits options

• Paddle magazine release may be less intuitive  

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber: .40 S&W

• Action: SA/DA

• Weight: 1.82lb (with mag)  

• Barrel Length: 4.25”

• Overall Length: 7.68”

• Width: 1.26”

• Height: 5.31” 

• Capacity: 10/13 rounds

 

2. CZ TS 2 – Best Competition Pistol

Building upon CZ’s reputation for manufacturing phenomenally accurate handguns, the TS 2 was conceived from the ground up for competitive shooting sports. It leverages the superb fundamentals of the CZ 75 platform as a foundation while incorporating an array of specialized enhancements tailored expressly for IPSC and USPSA divisions.

 

One of the most popular power factor classifications in these sports is Major, which the potent .40 S&W cartridge can readily attain. The TS 2’s generous 17+1 capacity takes full advantage of the slimmer .40 S&W dimensions to enable high round count stages. An extended, flared magazine well facilitates lightning quick reloads to shave precious seconds off stage times.

 

Reinforced mounting points allow the integration of optical sights like red dot systems. Rapid sight acquisition and transitions between targets become second nature when paired with the TS 2’s fiber optic front post. To further augment control and stability, front and rear cocking serrations enable positive manipulation of the slide regardless of the shooting grip.

 

The TS 2’s specialized SAO trigger breaks cleanly at an ultralight 3.5-4 lb pull weight with an incredibly short reset. This allows precision shot placement at speed. With a round as inherently accurate as the .40 S&W, the TS 2 makes a formidable competition pistol right out of the box. Its combination of premium features and purpose-driven engineering clearly demonstrates CZ’s dedication to competitive excellence.

 

Key Features: 

 

• Ambidextrous safety

• Serrated fiber optic front sight 

• Front and rear cocking serrations

 

Pros:

 

• Excellent trigger for competitive shooting  

• Flat shooting with great ergonomics

 

Cons:

 

• Higher costs might be prohibitive for some

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber: .40 S&W

• Action: SAO

• Weight: 48.5oz

• Barrel Length: 5.28” 

• Overall Length: 8.86”

• Width: 1.57”

• Height: 5.8”

• Capacity: 17 rounds

3. HK VP40 – Best Striker-Fired Option  

Heckler & Koch engineered the VP series to answer widespread demand from security details and law enforcement agencies for a dependable, high-capacity polymer striker-fired pistol. When the VP40 debuted in 2014, it brought the VP’s signature ergonomics, reliability, and accuracy to the potent .40 S&W cartridge. 

 

Central to the VP40’s handling is its grip frame optimized to fit a wide spectrum of hand sizes. Customizable backstraps and replaceable side panels allow shooters to tailor the VP40’s grip profile to their exact needs. This level of user configurability enables superior control and comfort compared to one-size-fits-all designs. A generous textured frame provides an intuitive index point for consistent hand placement.

 

The VP40 retains HK’s renowned Law Enforcement Modification trigger with a smooth takeup and crisp break that rivals custom-tuned striker triggers. HK engineers developed this trigger specifically for the accurate and rapid shot placement required in defensive shooting applications. Its short, tactile reset promotes excellent follow-up shot speed as well.

 

As a testament to HK’s experience crafting ultra-durable service pistols, the VP40 boasts exceptional reliability across a wide range of ammunition types and temperatures. Its corrosion-resistant Hostile Environment finish and proprietary captive flat recoil spring withstand filthy conditions that would choke most other handguns.

 

Key Features:

 

• Fully ambidextrous controls

• Corrosion-resistant finish  

• Proprietary captive flat recoil spring

 

Pros:

 

• Ergonomic design suits a wide range of hand sizes  

• Good trigger feel for a striker-fired gun

 

Cons:

 

• Paddle magazine release may not suit all preferences

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber: .40 S&W

• Action: Striker-fired

• Weight: 28.93oz (with empty mag)  

• Barrel Length: 4.09”

• Overall Length: 7.34”

• Width: 1.32”

• Height: 5.45”

• Capacity: 10/13 rounds

4. Sig Sauer P229 – Best Compact Tactical Handgun

The Sig Sauer P229 pistol is a great choice for police officers and others who need a reliable and versatile handgun. Sig Sauer uses its many years of experience making firearms to design the P229 series. These compact yet powerful pistols work extremely well. 

 

The P229 has a double-action/single-action trigger. This means the first time you pull the trigger, it takes more effort. After that first shot, the trigger is lighter and easier to pull. This makes the pistol safer but still allows precise shooting when you need it. There is also a lock that stops the firing pin from going forward by accident. This prevents the pistol from firing if dropped.

 

You can get the P229 with glowing night sights. These sights help you aim better in low light, so the P229 can serve well as a duty weapon. Its sliding and locking features let the pistol work right shot after shot. It can shoot 9mm, .357 SIG, and .40 S&W ammunition reliably. 

 

A rail under the barrel allows you to add lights, lasers, and other tools. This expands what the pistol can do. Although compact, the all-metal P229 has enough weight to control recoil and stay on target during rapid fire. Its ergonomic grip fits the hand well.

 

Key Features:

 

• Mechanically locked, recoil operated

• Choice between contrast and SIGLITE® Night Sights

• Patented automatic firing-pin lock for enhanced safety

 

Pros:

 

• Exceptional reliability and durability

• Versatile for both concealed carry and duty use

• Effective recoil management provides steady shot placement

 

Cons:

 

• May be heavier than polymer-framed competitors

• Standard grip may require customization for optimal ergonomics

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber Options: 9mm Luger, .357 SIG, .40 S&W

• Action: DA/SA

• Barrel Length: 3.8”

• Overall Length: 7.1”

• Weight: 27.5oz (unloaded)

• Capacity: Up to 13 rounds (depending on magazine and state regulations)

5. Glock 22 – Best Duty Pistol  

Glock revolutionized the police duty pistol market in the 1990s with the release of their polymer-framed Glock 17 and Glock 22 pistols. Law enforcement agencies had been seeking a durable, lightweight, and reliable sidearm to withstand the rigors of daily carry and life-or-death situations. The G22 chambered in .40 S&W fit this niche perfectly and was soon adopted by agencies across the United States.

 

The G22 eschewed conventional steel construction in favor of advanced polymers that were vastly superior in strength, corrosion resistance, and impact attenuation. This innovative approach to fabrication yielded a pistol that was considerably lighter than traditional duty guns yet exceeded performance expectations in extreme abuse testing. 

 

At the heart of the G22’s resilient design is Glock’s Safe Action system. This internal safety lever prevents the striker from releasing unless the trigger is pulled, effectively eliminating the need for external safeties while preventing negligent discharges if dropped. The pull weight and travel of the G22’s trigger also facilitates accurate shot placement under duress.

 

While the utilitarian G22 lacks overt flair, its utter reliability has earned it an almost legendary reputation throughout military and law enforcement circles. Its ubiquity has also led to broad aftermarket support, with virtually endless customization potential. With the rise of the .40 S&W cartridge for service pistols, the G22 continues to prove itself as one of the most influential duty guns ever conceived.

 

Key Features:

 

• Safe-action system

• Serrated steel slide 

• Picatinny rail for accessories

 

Pros:

 

• Reliable and easy to maintain

• Large aftermarket support for customization

 

Cons:

 

• Factory trigger and plastic sights are often criticized

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber: .40 S&W

• Action: Striker-fired  

• Weight: 25.57oz (with empty mag)

• Barrel Length: 4.49”

• Overall Length: 8.03”

• Width: 1.26”

• Height: 5.47”

• Capacity: 15 rounds

6. Beretta 96A1  

The Beretta 96A1 represents the next evolution in the 92 platform’s long-standing legacy serving military forces and police agencies globally. Building upon the proven fundamentals that have made the 92 a cornerstone in duty sidearms, the 96A1 adapts this premier pedigree to the .40 S&W cartridge.

 

As high-pressure .40 S&W loads became popular in law enforcement, Beretta reinforced key components in the 96A1 to handle increased wear and tear. This included a beefed-up slide and barrel alongside a heavier recoil spring to reliably cycle the slide. The 96A1’s traditional metal frame also helps tame the .40 S&W’s snappy recoil, promoting consistent control shot-to-shot.

 

While maintaining the 92’s characteristic DA/SA trigger system, oversized controls, and intuitive manual of arms, the 96A1 modernizes several features. An integrated Picatinny rail enables simple mounting of weapon lights and lasers. Further, a chrome-lined barrel provides enhanced corrosion resistance while the Bruniton non-reflective coating improves durability across the slide and barrel.

 

With excellent out-of-the-box accuracy and pioneering tactical pedigree, the 96A1 secures the 92’s legacy as a dominant duty pistol. Its familiar handling marries ideally with .40 S&W’s terminal ballistics, hitting the sweet spot for officers transitioning to the platform.

 

Key Features: 

 

• Integral accessory rail for easy attachment of lights and lasers

• Corrosion-resistant finish ensures durability  

• Traditional metal frame that contributes to a steady shooting experience

 

Pros:

 

• Larger and easy to handle, helping manage .40 S&W's recoil

• Classic design with modern upgrades like the rail system

 

Cons: 

 

• Lower magazine capacity for its size compared to newer models  

 

Specifications:

 

• Caliber: .40 S&W

• Action: DA/SA

• Weight: 33.3oz (unloaded)  

• Barrel Length: 4.9” 

• Overall Length: 8.5”

• Width: 1.5”

• Height: 5.4”

• Capacity: 10/12 rounds

Final Thoughts  

 

The pistols showcased here represent some of the best .40 S&W caliber options available for duty, defensive, competition, and recreational shooting applications. With rigorous testing methodologies and strict evaluation criteria applied, our experts selected these models to provide readers with a trustworthy shortlist from which to shop. 

 

Consider your specific needs and priorities to determine which pistol aligns best with your intended uses, shooting style, and budget. Those looking for a versatile, powerful handgun that splits the difference between 9mm and .45 ACP will find the .40 S&W hits a real sweet spot.

 

FAQs

 

Is .40 S&W a dying caliber?

 

While .40 S&W has declined in popularity compared to its peak, it still maintains a strong following and quality pistol options due to its proven terminal ballistics. Major ammo manufacturers continue producing .40 S&W as well.

 

Is .40 S&W snappier than 9mm?  

 

Yes, .40 S&W generally produces slightly sharper felt recoil than 9mm. However, with proper grip, stance, and fundamentals, this is easy to control, especially with the pistols recommended here, which are optimized for .40 S&W.

 

Can I use .40 S&W for concealed carry?

 

Absolutely. Models like the Glock 22, HK VP40, and Beretta 96A1 on this list make great concealed carry pistols when paired with a proper holster. The terminal performance can give peace of mind for self defense use.

 

What is the best gun for a beginner to learn using a .40 S&W?

 

The Beretta 96A1 is an excellent choice thanks to its metal frame absorbing recoil, DA/SA trigger system allowing shooters to learn control, and ergonomic grip supporting proper hand position.

 

Why is .40 S&W good for home defense?

 

The .40 S&W has excellent stopping power against threats. It also penetrates barriers well to hit assailants trying to hide while minimizing the risk of over penetration compared to larger pistol calibers.

 

Can I hunt deer with .40 S&W?  

 

Within reasonable distances and with proper shot placement, absolutely. Choose a load that provides adequate penetration. However, larger calibers are better suited to hunting medium and large game.

 

What gun has the softest recoil in .40 S&W?

 

The Beretta PX4 Storm’s innovative rotating barrel system reduces felt recoil substantially, making quick follow-up shots easier. This helps offset the snappier impulse of .40 S&W.